Positive Psychology - 3118 Words

HP310 Individual project Naomi chua According to World Health Organization (WHO)’s definition, health is a state of complete physical, psychological well-being, optimal psychological functioning and social well-being. And health is â€Å"not merely the absence of diseases or infirmity† (WHO, 2000). Contrary to typical understanding of the psychology fields, positive psychology is a science of positive subjective experiences and positive traits, positive institution that promise to improve the quality of life and prevent pathologies (Csikszentmihalyi and Seligman, 2000). There are 3 levels of analysis for positive psychology; subjective level refers to the subjective experiences such as well-being, contentment, and†¦show more content†¦With this, we come to the first step of coping; evaluating the situation. In Lazarus and Folkman’s term, coping starts with the process of appraisal: Primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. Primary appraisal occurs when we’re faced wit h a life challenge, we’ll first ask ourselves if our life is jeopardized. Then we’ll move on to evaluate if that life challenge is worthy to be worried or attended. If we deem that our life is in danger, then we’ll ask whether there’s something we can do about that situation/challenge. That is secondary appraisal. The next process of stress and coping is to employ coping strategies. There are many researchers who made efforts to categorize coping responses. For example, Folkman and Lazarus (1980) have classified coping strategies/techniques to 2 categories: problem-focused and emotion-focused. Amirkhan (1990b, 1994) identified 3 coping strategies; problem solving, seeking support, and avoidance. Another attempt to classify coping strategies is the primary-secondary control model by Rothbaum, Weisz Snyder (1982) and Weisz, Rothbaum Blackburn (1984a and 1984b). Carver et al.’s (1989) COPE scale, consisting of 14 coping styles, is another attempt to classify coping responses. All these coping strategies/ models will be covered over the course of the entire paper. Lazarus and Folkman’sShow MoreRelatedPositive Psychology At Gable And Haidt1098 Words   |  5 PagesPositive psychology according to Gable and Haidt (2005) can be defined as â€Å"the study of the conditions and processes that contribute to the flourishing of people, groups and institutions† (p. 103). Similarly, it can be described as the study of human strength and virtue to understand positive and emotionally fulfilling behaviour (Sheldon King, 2001). There are three dimensions or levels of positive psychology which are based on aspects of our life experiences. 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